The battle known as the "high watermark of the Confederacy" is the Battle of Gettysburg, fought from July 1 to July 3, 1863, during the American Civil War. This pivotal conflict took place in Pennsylvania and marked a significant turning point in the war. General Robert E. Lee's Confederate Army aimed to secure a decisive victory against Union forces under General George Meade, but the Union's unexpected resilience led to heavy Confederate losses. Following Gettysburg, the Southern forces struggled to maintain their momentum, while the Union began a series of successful offensives that ultimately contributed to the Confederacy's defeat.