The ancient Mesopotamian civilization known for its ziggurats is the Sumerians. Situated in the southern part of Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq), the Sumerians are credited with many early advancements in writing, urbanization, and governance. Ziggurats were massive stepped structures serving as temples dedicated to their gods. They symbolized the Sumerians' architectural ingenuity and religious devotion. Cities like Ur and Uruk featured these impressive structures, which also served as administrative and economic centers. The Sumerians laid the foundations of civilization, influencing subsequent cultures in the region through their innovations and religious practices.