The ancient Greek city considered the birthplace of democracy is Athens. In the 5th century BCE, Athens introduced a system of direct democracy where citizens participated in decision-making processes. Key figures, such as Cleisthenes and Pericles, played significant roles in this development by implementing reforms that expanded political rights to a broader segment of the male population. Citizens could attend assemblies, vote on legislation, and hold public office, marking a revolutionary shift from aristocratic governance. This Athenian model of democracy laid the groundwork for modern democratic theories and practices, influencing political thought throughout history and continuing to inspire democratic movements today.