Queen Cleopatra VII of ancient Egypt is renowned for her beauty, intelligence, and political acumen. As the last active ruler of the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt, she was adept at navigating the complexities of political alliances and warfare. Cleopatra is often associated with her relationships with powerful Roman leaders, including Julius Caesar and Mark Antony, which she used to bolster her position and protect Egypt from Roman annexation. Her reign marked a significant period in Egyptian history, characterized by cultural achievements and efforts to maintain Egypt's independence amidst rising Roman power.