The ancient culture known for its contributions to philosophy, mathematics, and the arts in Greece is the Hellenistic culture, which flourished following the conquests of Alexander the Great. Key philosophers like Plato and Aristotle emerged from this period, laying foundational concepts in Western thought. The Greeks also made significant advancements in mathematics, with figures like Euclid and Pythagoras, and excelled in the arts, showcasing their skills in sculpture, theater, and architecture. This cultural legacy profoundly influenced subsequent civilizations and continues to shape modern philosophy, science, and art.