The ancient civilization known for its complex social hierarchy is the Ancient Egyptian civilization. This society, flourishing along the Nile River for over three millennia, had a well-defined class system that included various levels, such as the pharaoh at the top, followed by a class of nobles and priests, skilled artisans, and farmers, and at the bottom, slaves. The pharaoh was considered a divine ruler with ultimate authority, while priests played crucial roles in religious and political matters. This hierarchical structure dictated daily life, economic activities, and social interactions, fostering a stable yet stratified society that contributed to the civilization's longevity.