The ancient civilization that believed in a pantheon of gods and goddesses was the ancient Greeks. Their religion was polytheistic, featuring a complex hierarchy of deities, each responsible for various aspects of life and the natural world. Prominent gods included Zeus, the king of the gods, and deities like Athena, Apollo, and Poseidon, each with specific domains such as wisdom, music, and the sea. Greek mythology enriched their culture, influencing art, literature, and daily life. Temples and rituals dedicated to these gods were central to Greek society, reflecting their beliefs and the importance they placed on divine favor.