The African nation that was the first to gain independence from colonial rule is Ethiopia, often cited as a symbol of African liberation. Unlike many African nations that were colonized during the late 19th century, Ethiopia successfully resisted colonization by Italy during the First Italo-Ethiopian War (1895-1896). Under Emperor Menelik II, the Ethiopian forces achieved a decisive victory at the Battle of Adwa in 1896. This victory not only preserved Ethiopian sovereignty but also inspired anti-colonial movements throughout Africa. Ethiopia's unique status contributed to its historical significance as a symbol of pride and resistance.