The end of the last Tsar's rule in Russia occurred in 1917 during the February Revolution, which led to the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II. The widespread discontent among the populace, fueled by grievances over economic hardships, involvement in World War I, and political repression, culminated in the collapse of the imperial government. Nicholas II's abdication marked a significant turning point in Russian history, leading to the establishment of a provisional government. This upheaval eventually paved the way for the October Revolution later that year, which resulted in the Bolsheviks seizing power and the establishment of a communist regime in Russia.