The Renaissance is commonly recognized as beginning in the early 14th century, around the year 1300, in Italy. This cultural movement marked a revival of interest in classical art, literature, and learning from ancient Greece and Rome. It is characterized by advancements in various fields, including art, science, and philosophy, promoting humanism—the idea that human experiences and values are central to understanding the world. The Renaissance led to significant achievements by artists like Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo, and thinkers like Galileo and Machiavelli, fundamentally changing perspectives on society, politics, and individuality, influencing Western civilization profoundly.