The U.S. Congress passed the Civil Rights Act in 1964, specifically on July 2nd. This landmark legislation aimed to address and eliminate various forms of discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. The Act was a major victory for the Civil Rights Movement and prohibited discrimination in public accommodations, education, and employment. Additionally, it enforced desegregation in schools and provided for the establishment of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC). The Civil Rights Act marked a significant change in U.S. law and social structure, contributing to the ongoing struggle for equality and justice in America.