The last Romanov dynasty in Russia ended in 1917. This was marked by the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II in March, amid widespread discontent stemming from military defeats in World War I, economic hardship, and a growing revolutionary movement. The fall of the Romanov dynasty led to the establishment of a provisional government and subsequently the Bolshevik Revolution later that year, which ultimately resulted in the formation of the Soviet Union. The end of the Romanovs not only signaled a dramatic shift in Russian governance but also influenced global politics in the 20th century as communism rose to prominence.