The significance of the Treaty of Fontainebleau in 1762 was primarily its role in ceding French territories in North America to the Spanish Empire after the French and Indian War. This treaty marked the end of French colonial ambitions on the continent, leading to a shift in power dynamics. Spain acquired Louisiana, which would later become a crucial point in trade and expansion. The treaty's consequences extended into the subsequent American Revolutionary War, affecting alliances and territorial disputes. Ultimately, the Treaty of Fontainebleau shaped the geopolitical landscape of North America during the late 18th century.