The significance of the Spanish Armada in British history lies in its failed invasion of England in 1588. Led by King Philip II of Spain, the Armada aimed to dethrone Queen Elizabeth I and restore Catholicism. The defeat of the Armada marked a turning point, solidifying England's naval dominance and initiating its rise as a global power. This triumph fostered a sense of national identity and pride while weakening Spain's influence. The event also encouraged the spread of Protestantism and affirmed England's commitment to independence from foreign control.