The Rosetta Stone is significant in the field of archaeology because it was key to deciphering Egyptian hieroglyphics. Discovered in 1799 by French soldiers near the town of Rosetta, the stone features inscriptions in three scripts: Greek, Demotic, and hieroglyphics. Scholars, particularly Jean-François Champollion, realized that the Greek text could be understood, which helped them unlock the meanings of the other two scripts. This breakthrough allowed historians to access a wealth of information about ancient Egyptian civilization, culture, and history, leading to further advancements in the study of Egyptology.