The significance of the Persian Gulf War for U.S. policy in the Middle East lay in its demonstration of military strength and commitment to safeguarding vital global interests, particularly regarding oil resources. The conflict began in 1990 when Iraq, led by Saddam Hussein, invaded Kuwait. The U.S. lead coalition sought to restore Kuwaiti sovereignty and protect regional stability. Following a swift military victory, the war established a lasting U.S. military presence in the region, influencing foreign policy decisions and fostering relationships with neighboring countries. It also underscored the complexities of Middle Eastern geopolitics that continue to affect U.S. interactions in the area today.