The Bay of Pigs invasion, which took place in April 1961, was significant in Cold War history as it represented a failed attempt by the United States to overthrow Cuban leader Fidel Castro. Supported by the CIA, a group of Cuban exiles landed at the Bay of Pigs in a bid to ignite popular dissent against Castro's socialist government. The invasion ended disastrously, with most exiles captured or killed, leading to humiliation for the U.S. and strengthening Castro's position. The event heightened tensions between the U.S. and Cuba, underscoring fears of communism in the Americas and furthering the Cold War conflict.