Imperialism in the 19th century significantly shaped global relations by establishing European dominance across Asia, Africa, and the Americas. Major powers engaged in colonization to expand their markets, acquire resources, and assert geopolitical influence. This era saw the exploitation of native populations, leading to cultural exchange and conflict. The resulting power imbalances fostered resentment, nationalism, and anti-imperialist movements in colonized regions. Furthermore, imperialism facilitated global interconnectedness, with long-lasting effects on trade, migration, and international diplomacy that continue to influence global dynamics today.