During the Victorian era, women primarily occupied domestic roles, generally expected to adhere to the ideals of femininity, morality, and domesticity. Their roles were largely centered around home, family, and caregiving, as society emphasized the importance of women as homemakers and moral guardians. While many women engaged in charitable work and social reform, their rights were restricted, with limited access to education, employment, and voting. However, this period also saw the beginnings of the women's rights movement, as women increasingly began to advocate for equality, suffrage, and labor rights. Despite societal constraints, numerous women began to challenge traditional roles, contributing to gradual social change and paving the way for future advancements in women's rights.