During the English Civil War (1642-1651), the British monarchy played a divisive role. King Charles I sought to assert his authority over Parliament, leading to tensions over governance, religion, and individual rights. His attempts to rule without consent from Parliament and his perceived disregard for common law prompted widespread discontent among various factions. This conflict ultimately escalated into armed violence between the Royalists, supporting the king, and Parliamentarians seeking a constitutional monarchy. The war culminated in the trial and execution of Charles I in 1649, marking a significant shift in the balance of power from monarchy to parliamentary governance.