The rise of communism in Russia following the 1917 Revolution was primarily characterized by the establishment of a Soviet state based on Marxist-Leninist principles. The Bolsheviks, under Lenin's leadership, aimed to create a classless society by abolishing private property and implementing state control over the economy. The Russian Civil War (1917-1922) ensued as various factions opposed Bolshevik rule, further entrenching communist ideology through policies such as War Communism and later the New Economic Policy (NEP). The revolution's aftermath saw the consolidation of power by the Communist Party, leading to the establishment of the Soviet Union in 1922.