The primary trade good exchanged along the Trans-Saharan trade routes was gold, which was highly valued and sought after in various regions, especially in Europe and the Islamic world. Additionally, salt was also a critical commodity, as it was essential for preserving food and maintaining health. Silver, ivory, and slaves were other significant goods traded. The exchange facilitated cultural interactions and economic development between sub-Saharan Africa and North Africa, enabling the growth of powerful empires such as Mali, Ghana, and Songhai. These trade routes played a crucial role in spreading Islam and influencing trade networks across the continent.