The primary role of the Knights Templar during the medieval Crusades was to serve as a military order founded to protect Christian pilgrims traveling to the Holy Land, particularly Jerusalem. Established in the early 12th century, the Templars became known for their distinctive white mantles adorned with a red cross. They were also skilled warriors, participating in numerous battles during the Crusades. Beyond military functions, the Templars developed a financial network that facilitated trade across Europe and the Middle East, often acting as early bankers. Their influence and power grew until their eventual dissolution in the early 14th century by King Philip IV of France.