The primary industry that fueled the Industrial Revolution in the late 18th century was the textile industry. Innovations in technology, such as the spinning jenny, water frame, and later, the power loom revolutionized textile production, significantly increasing efficiency and output. These advancements attracted capital investment and led to the establishment of factories, which centralized production processes. As a result, textile manufacturing became one of the first industries to be transformed by mechanization. The demand for textiles, both domestically and internationally, drove economic growth, leading to profound social and economic changes, including urbanization and shifts in labor patterns, ultimately reshaping society.