The primary impact of the invention of the steam engine on society was its role in fueling the Industrial Revolution. Introduced in the late 18th century, the steam engine enabled mechanized production, dramatically increasing manufacturing capabilities and efficiency. It led to the rise of factories, transformed transportation through steam-powered locomotives and ships, and facilitated urbanization as people moved to cities for jobs. The steam engine revolutionized industries, contributed to economic growth, and changed living standards, shaping modern society.