The primary goal of Martin Luther King Jr.'s movement was to achieve civil rights and social justice for African Americans through nonviolent protest and civil disobedience. King advocated for an end to segregation, discrimination, and economic injustice, promoting the idea that all people should be judged by their character rather than the color of their skin. His famous "I Have a Dream" speech encapsulated his vision of a racially integrated, equitable society. King's leadership during key events, such as the Montgomery Bus Boycott and the March on Washington, sought to mobilize widespread support, influencing legislation like the Civil Rights Act of 1964.