The primary focus of the Great Society programs, initiated by President Lyndon B. Johnson in the 1960s, was to eliminate poverty and racial injustice in the United States. These ambitious reforms aimed to provide comprehensive social welfare through initiatives targeting education, healthcare, and civil rights. Key programs included Medicare and Medicaid for healthcare, Head Start for early childhood education, and the establishment of the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). The Great Society aimed to create a "just society" by addressing systemic inequalities and improving living conditions for marginalized communities, influencing subsequent social policy and entitlement programs in American history.