The primary focus of the Cold War that dominated global politics from the end of World War II was the ideological and strategic rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union. This conflict revolved around the promotion of capitalism versus communism and led to numerous proxy wars, arms races, and the formation of opposing military alliances such as NATO and the Warsaw Pact. Central to this era was the threat of nuclear warfare, influencing foreign policy in many nations. The Cold War also impacted cultural exchange, leading to significant shifts in diplomacy, international relations, and global security.