The primary focus of the American Civil Rights Act of 1964 was to end discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. This landmark piece of legislation aimed to eliminate segregation in schools, workplaces, and public accommodations. It enforced the right to vote and established the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission to address workplace discrimination. The act was a crucial milestone in the civil rights movement, championed by figures like Martin Luther King Jr. and President Lyndon B. Johnson. Its passage marked a significant shift towards greater social justice and equality in American society.