The primary aim of the Pan-African movement was to unite people of African descent worldwide and promote their rights, empowerment, and cultural identity. Emerging in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the movement sought to address issues such as colonialism, racial discrimination, and economic exploitation faced by Africans and the African diaspora. Figures like W.E.B. Du Bois and Marcus Garvey were instrumental in advocating for Pan-African ideals, emphasizing solidarity among African nations and people of African heritage. The movement played a significant role in the struggle against colonial rule and influenced the rise of independence movements across Africa.