The peaceful protest against the system of racial segregation in the 1960s was known as the Civil Rights Movement. This movement sought to dismantle discriminatory laws and practices, advocating for equal rights and opportunities for African Americans. It utilized nonviolent strategies, including marches, boycotts, and sit-ins, to highlight injustices and demand change. Leaders like Martin Luther King Jr. and grassroots organizations mobilized support for landmark legislation, ultimately leading to the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965.