The outcome of the Hundred Years' War, which lasted from 1337 to 1453, was a decisive victory for France. England, which had initially gained significant territories in France, ultimately lost its claims to most of these lands, retaining Calais until 1558. This war fostered a sense of national identity in both nations, especially in France, where the victory under leaders like Joan of Arc galvanized national pride. Additionally, the prolonged conflict and its aftermath significantly weakened the feudal system and contributed to the centralization of royal power in France, laying the groundwork for the absolute monarchy in the following centuries.