The movement that sought to end the apartheid system in South Africa was known as the Anti-Apartheid Movement. This struggle, which gained momentum in the mid-20th century, involved a coalition of domestic and international activists advocating for racial equality and human rights. Key figures like Nelson Mandela emerged as prominent leaders in the fight against apartheid. The movement employed various strategies, including protests, boycotts, and lobbying for sanctions against the South African government. It ultimately led to the dismantling of apartheid and the establishment of a multiracial democracy in the early 1990s.