The famous court case challenging segregation in education in the United States was Brown v. Board of Education, decided in 1954. This landmark Supreme Court case ruled that racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional, effectively overturning the "separate but equal" doctrine established by Plessy v. Ferguson in 1896. The Court, led by Chief Justice Earl Warren, unanimously agreed that segregation generated a sense of inferiority among Black children and was detrimental to their educational opportunities. This decision was pivotal in the Civil Rights Movement, spurring further actions to desegregate schools and address racial discrimination in various aspects of American society.