The main source of power during the Industrial Revolution was steam, primarily generated from coal. This shift from traditional manpower and animal labor to steam power transformed industries, particularly textiles and transportation. The steam engine, developed by innovators such as James Watt, increased efficiency and productivity, allowing factories to operate on a larger scale and producing goods faster than ever before. This energy revolution not only resulted in rapid industrial growth but also spurred urbanization as people flocked to cities for work. The over-reliance on steam also highlighted the environmental challenges that arise from industrialization.