The main significance of the Rosetta Stone lies in its role in deciphering Egyptian hieroglyphs. Discovered in 1799 during Napoleon's campaign in Egypt, the stone features a decree issued in 196 BC inscribed in three scripts: Greek, Demotic, and hieroglyphic. Because scholars could read Greek, they were able to use the Rosetta Stone as a key to unlock the meanings of the hieroglyphs. This breakthrough allowed historians and linguists to better understand ancient Egyptian civilization, culture, and language, marking a significant advancement in Egyptology and enhancing the study of ancient texts.