The main ideological conflict of the Cold War between the U.S. and U.S.S.R. was centered around capitalism versus communism. The United States promoted a capitalist economic model, prioritizing individual freedoms and private enterprise, while the Soviet Union advocated for a communist system, emphasizing state control and collective ownership. This clash led to significant geopolitical tensions, manifesting in various proxy wars, espionage, and the arms race. Ideological differences significantly shaped international relations and policies, influencing global events for decades and contributing to a divided world until the eventual dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991.