The Boxer Rebellion, which occurred in China from 1899 to 1901, had significant consequences, primarily leading to increased foreign intervention and control in China. The uprising was driven by anti-foreign and anti-Christian sentiment, as the "Boxers," a secret society, opposed Western influence and foreign domination. The rebellion prompted an eight-nation alliance comprising Japan, the U.S., and several European powers to intervene militarily to protect their interests. Following the suppression of the Boxers, the Boxer Protocol was signed in 1901, which imposed harsh penalties on China, including indemnities and the stationing of foreign troops, marking a decline in China's sovereignty and further entrenching foreign powers in Chinese affairs.