The main cause of the Jewish Diaspora, which occurred around the 6th century BCE and continued through subsequent centuries, was a combination of conquests, particularly by the Babylonian and later Roman empires, as well as socio-economic factors. The Babylonian Exile forced many Jews to leave their homeland, and subsequent unrest, destruction of the Second Temple in 70 CE, and oppression in Roman territories led to further displacement. This scattering resulted in Jewish communities forming across various regions, including Europe and the Middle East, impacting their cultural, religious, and social development, and contributing to a long-lasting sense of transnational identity.