The Russian Revolution had a profound impact on European politics by challenging the existing monarchies and promoting communist ideology. It inspired a wave of revolutionary movements across Europe, particularly in Germany, Hungary, and Italy, which sought to overthrow capitalist systems. The Bolsheviks, through the establishment of the Soviet state, became a powerful model for left-wing movements, emphasizing worker rights and state control over resources. The revolution also intensified fears of communism, leading to anti-communist sentiments and policies, particularly during the interwar period and the rise of fascism. Ultimately, it reshaped national borders and political dynamics, leading to the establishment of various socialist governments across Europe.