The impact of the Cultural Revolution in China was profound and far-reaching. Launched by Mao Zedong in 1966, it aimed to reinforce communist ideology by eradicating the "Four Olds": old customs, culture, habits, and ideas. This movement resulted in widespread social upheaval, persecution of intellectuals, and destruction of cultural heritage. It fostered an atmosphere of fear and distrust, as loyalty to the Party was prioritized over traditional values. The Cultural Revolution also led to a generation's disrupted education and severe economic consequences, ultimately necessitating reforms in post-Mao China to stabilize its society and economy.