The Cultural Revolution in China, initiated by Mao Zedong in 1966, profoundly impacted Chinese society, politics, and culture. Aimed at preserving communist ideology, it sought to eliminate perceived bourgeois elements and traditional customs. The movement disrupted education, diminished cultural heritage, and led to widespread persecution of intellectuals and perceived dissidents. Chaos ensued, with the Red Guards attacking established authority and promoting radical ideology. Economically, the upheaval stunted development and created social instability. Ultimately, the Cultural Revolution left a legacy of trauma and division, prompting China to reform its governance and pivot towards modernization and economic growth following Mao's death in 1976.