The impact of colonization on indigenous populations was often devastating and multifaceted, resulting in significant loss of life, culture, and autonomy. Many indigenous communities faced violence, displacement, and the introduction of infectious diseases brought by colonizers, which decimated their populations. Colonization often disrupted traditional ways of life, leading to cultural assimilation and the loss of languages and customs. Additionally, colonial powers frequently exploited indigenous lands and resources, creating economic dependency and social hierarchies that marginalized native peoples. The long-term consequences of colonization contribute to ongoing socioeconomic challenges and struggles for rights and recognition faced by indigenous populations today.