The ideological basis contrasting Liberalism and Conservatism in the 20th century centers around perspectives on change, individual rights, and the role of government. Liberalism champions progress, advocating for individual liberties, equality, and social reform. It supports an active government role in addressing social issues, including welfare and civil rights. In contrast, Conservatism emphasizes tradition, stability, and the importance of established institutions. It often advocates for limited government intervention in the economy and promotes free-market principles. This ideological divide has influenced political debates and policies, with both sides shaping contemporary political discourse in various democratic societies across the globe.