The historical context in which the USSR was founded includes the aftermath of the Russian Revolution, which began in 1917. The Bolshevik Party, led by Vladimir Lenin, overthrew the Provisional Government, resulting in a civil war between the Red Army (Bolsheviks) and the White Army (anti-Bolsheviks). By 1922, the Bolsheviks established the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), aiming to create a socialist state based on Marxist principles. This period was marked by significant social, political, and economic upheaval, with the new government seeking to implement radical reforms while facing internal and external challenges, including foreign intervention and economic instability.