The driving force behind the Imperial expansion in the 19th century was often characterized by a combination of economic interests, political motives, and cultural ideologies. Industrialization prompted European and American powers to seek new markets for their goods, as well as raw materials for their rapidly growing industries. Additionally, the belief in Manifest Destiny and social Darwinism fueled the desire to spread Western civilization and culture, often justifying colonization and territorial acquisitions. Nationalism also played a crucial role, as nations competed for global influence and prestige, leading to conflicts and the division of territories across Africa, Asia, and the Americas.