The consequence of the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648 was the establishment of a new order in international relations and the principle of state sovereignty. This treaty ended the Thirty Years' War in Europe and marked a significant shift towards recognizing the rights of nations to govern themselves without external interference. It allowed for greater religious tolerance by establishing a framework for coexistence among Catholic and Protestant states. The treaty’s emphasis on diplomatic negotiations and treaties laid the groundwork for modern diplomacy, contributing to the evolution of the international system and the balance of power in Europe.