The consequence of the rise of the Ottoman Empire in Europe was the significant shift in political, economic, and cultural dynamics across the continent. At its zenith in the 16th and 17th centuries, the empire controlled vast territories, including parts of Southeast Europe, Western Asia, and North Africa. The Ottomans' expansion into Europe, especially after the conquest of Constantinople in 1453, fundamentally challenged existing power structures, leading to conflicts such as the Battle of Lepanto and the siege of Vienna. Their multi-ethnic empire fostered cross-cultural exchanges, influencing art, architecture, and trade. The rise of the Ottomans also set the stage for future geopolitics and divisions within Europe.