The central issue in the early American colonies that led to the Revolutionary War was taxation without representation. The British government imposed several taxes, such as the Stamp Act and Townshend Acts, to cover debts and manage colonial affairs. Colonists resented these taxes, arguing that they should not be taxed by a Parliament in which they had no representation. This sentiment fueled widespread protests and acts of defiance, exemplified by events like the Boston Tea Party. The growing rift highlighted the colonies' desire for self-governance and the right to influence the laws that affected their lives, ultimately leading to the quest for independence.