The capital of the Inca Empire was Cusco, located in present-day Peru. Cusco served as the political, administrative, and cultural center of the empire, which thrived from the early 15th century until the Spanish conquest in the 16th century. The city was strategically positioned in the Andean highlands and featured impressive architecture and sophisticated agricultural practices, reflecting the Incas' advanced engineering skills. With its elaborate temple complexes and extensive road networks, Cusco was considered the heart of the Inca civilization. It remains a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is essential for understanding Inca history and culture.